Apigenin vs Melatonin
A side-by-side research comparison of Apigenin and Melatonin across mechanism, dosing, half-life, benefits, side effects and research status.
Comparison table
| Attribute | Apigenin | Melatonin |
|---|---|---|
| Full name | Apigenin (Flavone) | Melatonin (N-Acetyl-5-Methoxytryptamine) |
| Category | Sleep & Recovery | Sleep & Recovery |
| Status | OTC supplement | OTC supplement / hormone |
| Mechanism | Binds benzodiazepine sites on GABA-A receptors for mild anxiolytic and sedative effects, and inhibits CD38, an NAD-consuming enzyme, thereby helping preserve cellular NAD+ levels. Also provides antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity. | Produced by the pineal gland in response to darkness, melatonin binds MT1/MT2 receptors to promote sleep onset and shift circadian timing. It also acts as a direct free-radical scavenger and supports mitochondrial antioxidant defenses. |
| Molecular weight | 270.24 Da | 232.28 Da |
| Half-life | ~5-10 hours | ~40-60 minutes (immediate release) |
| Bioavailability | Low; enhanced by fat and formulation | Low and variable oral (~15%); sublingual improves onset |
| Typical dose | 50 mg per day | 0.3-5 mg before bed |
| Frequency | Once daily (evening) | Once nightly |
| Route | Oral capsule | Oral or sublingual |
Apigenin reported benefits
- Supports sleep onset
- Mild anxiolytic/relaxation
- CD38 inhibition (NAD+ preservation)
- Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory
- Potential anti-cancer research interest
Melatonin reported benefits
- Faster sleep onset
- Circadian rhythm alignment
- Jet lag relief
- Potent antioxidant
- Mitochondrial protection
- Possible immune support
Related comparisons
Research and educational reference only. Not medical advice.