Ayahuasca vs MDMA
A side-by-side research comparison of Ayahuasca and MDMA across mechanism, dosing, half-life, benefits, side effects and research status.
Comparison table
| Attribute | Ayahuasca | MDMA |
|---|---|---|
| Full name | Ayahuasca (DMT + MAO inhibitor brew) | 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine |
| Category | Psychedelics | Psychedelics |
| Status | Traditional/ceremonial; research compound | Schedule I (FDA Breakthrough Therapy for PTSD) |
| Mechanism | The MAO-inhibiting vine (harmine and related compounds) stops the body from breaking down DMT, allowing an oral psychedelic experience that activates serotonin 5-HT2A receptors. | Triggers large releases of serotonin (and to a lesser extent dopamine and norepinephrine) and increases oxytocin, prolactin and cortisol. This produces feelings of trust, openness and emotional closeness that support psychotherapy. |
| Molecular weight | Mixture (no single value) | 193.25 g/mol |
| Half-life | Several hours (extended by MAO inhibition) | ~7-9 hours |
| Bioavailability | Oral | Oral, high |
| Typical dose | Brew-based, varies by preparation | 75-125 mg (often with an optional supplemental half-dose) |
| Frequency | Ceremonial or occasional study sessions | A small number of monthly sessions |
| Route | Oral brew | Oral, in a supervised therapeutic setting |
Ayahuasca reported benefits
- Studied for treatment-resistant depression
- Explored for grief and trauma
- Long history of ceremonial use
- May produce lasting shifts in outlook
MDMA reported benefits
- Studied for treatment-resistant PTSD
- Lowers fear response during trauma processing
- Increases trust and emotional openness
- Strong Phase 3 trial results from MAPS
Related comparisons
Research and educational reference only. Not medical advice.